首先，获取微信公众号配置

1. 登录微信公众平台，查看APPID，appsecret

2. 获取到这俩关键值后，还是平台页面，往下滑找到开发配置 -》基本配置 -》IP白名单，点击查看，添加上你服务器的IP地址，可以通过换行来添加多个，确定修改，需要管理员扫码确认，OK，配置完成。

开始开发：

客服消息—发消息  点击查看微信官方文档

微信公众平台在线调试  点击前往

1. 获取微信的access_token，传入APPID，appsecret（注意：请求ip必须在APPID对应的公众号的ip白名单）

/**     * @Description: 获取access_token     * @author: Hanweihu     * @date: 2019/7/12 11:14     * @param: [appid, appsecret]     * @return: java.lang.String     */    public String getAccess_token(String appid, String appsecret) {        // 先判断redis中是否存在        String token = redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(自定义key);        if (StringUtils.isBlank(token) == false) {            // token还未过期，获取后直接返回，无需重新获取            return token;        }        // token已过期或不存在，需重新获取        redisTemplate.delete(自定义key);        String access_url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential" + "&appid=" + appid + "&secret=" + appsecret;        String message = "";        try {            URL url = new URL(access_url);            HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();            connection.setRequestMethod("GET");            connection.setDoOutput(true);            connection.setDoInput(true);            connection.connect();            //获取返回的字符            InputStream inputStream = connection.getInputStream();            int size = inputStream.available();            byte[] bs = new byte[size];            inputStream.read(bs);            message = new String(bs, "UTF-8");        } catch (Exception e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }        //获取access_token        JSONObject jsonObject = JSONObject.fromObject(message);        log.info("======获取公众号平台的access_token：" + jsonObject.toString());        String accessToken = jsonObject.getString("access_token");        String expires_in = jsonObject.getString("expires_in");        // 防止代码运行超时，提前1分钟让微信token失效        redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(自定义key, accessToken, Integer.valueOf(expires_in) - 60, TimeUnit.SECONDS);        return accessToken;    }

2. 成功获取到access_token后，就可以根据文档来发客服消息了

/**     * @Description: 微信--推送客服消息     * @author: Hanweihu     * @date: 2019/7/15 14:28     * @param: [unionid]     * @return: void     */    @RequestMapping(value = "/pushWxAdmin", method = RequestMethod.POST)    @ApiOperation("微信--推送客服消息")    public void pushWxAdmin(String unionid) {        // unionid是用来查询用户下单信息的，查到信息后推送给管理员。        if (StringUtils.isBlank(unionid)) {            return;        }        // 调用上面的方法，获取AccessToken，传入APPID，appsecret        String wxAccessToken = getAccess_token(APPID, appsecret);        if (StringUtils.isBlank(wxAccessToken)) {            return;        }           // 查询用户下单信息          // ==省略查数据库代码，CustomerSignUp为数据实体类，你们自定义        CustomerSignUp customerSignUp = customerSignUpList.get(0);              StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer("");        stringBuffer.append("姓名：" + customerSignUp.getCustomerName() + "");        stringBuffer.append("电话：" + customerSignUp.getCustomerPhone() + "");        stringBuffer.append("身份证号：" + customerSignUp.getCustomerIdCard() + "");        stringBuffer.append("公司名称：" + customerSignUp.getCustomerCompanyName() + "");        stringBuffer.append("助教姓名：" + customerSignUp.getHelpTeachName() + "");        stringBuffer.append("助教公司：" + customerSignUp.getHelpTeachCompanyName() + "");        stringBuffer.append("支付时间：" + sdf.format(customerSignUp.getCreateDate()) + "");        stringBuffer.append("支付状态：" + (customerSignUp.getPayStatus() == 2 ? "已支付" : "未支付"));        // 获取admin的openID               String admin_openid = "";        if (StringUtils.isBlank(admin_openid) == false) {                        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();            jsonObject.put("content", stringBuffer.toString());            wxProPushMessage(admin_openid, wxAccessToken, jsonObject);             }    }/**     * @Description: 只给管理员发送客户报名成功消息     * @author: Hanweihu     * @date: 2019/7/12 11:25     * @param:      * @return: void     */    public void wxProPushMessage(String touser, String accesstoken, String data) {        StringBuilder requestUrl = new StringBuilder("https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/custom/send?access_token=");        requestUrl.append(accesstoken);        JSONObject json = new JSONObject();        json.put("touser", touser);// 设置openid        json.put("msgtype", "text");// 设置消息类型        json.put("text", data);// 设置模板消息内容        log.info("推送消息：" + json.toString());        Map<String, Object> map = null;        try {            HttpClient client = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();//构建一个Client            HttpPost post = new HttpPost(requestUrl.toString());//构建一个POST请求            StringEntity s = new StringEntity(json.toString(), "UTF-8");            s.setContentEncoding("UTF-8");            s.setContentType("application/json; charset=UTF-8");            post.setEntity(s);//设置编码，不然模板内容会乱码            HttpResponse response = client.execute(post);//提交POST请求            HttpEntity result = response.getEntity();//拿到返回的HttpResponse的"实体"            String content = EntityUtils.toString(result);            System.out.println(content);//打印返回的消息            JSONObject res = JSONObject.fromObject(content);//转为json格式            //把信息封装到map            if (res != null && "ok".equals(res.get("errmsg"))) {                System.out.println("模版消息发送成功");            } else {                //封装一个异常                StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("模版消息发送失败");                sb.append(map.toString());                throw new Exception(sb.toString());            }        } catch (Exception e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }    }

关键地方提醒一下：

1. 请求ip必须在APPID对应的公众号的ip白名单，不然导致获取不到access_token

2. IP白名单可以通过换行来添加多个

3. 拼接内容时，换行用 “”

4. 最终发送的json串必须与文档的key保持一致

{    "touser":"OPENID",    "msgtype":"text",    "text":    {         "content":"Hello World"    }}